2019年银行招聘秋招笔试《英语》模拟练习及答案

试题部分

Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.

As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robo-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bonesurgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.

But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves—goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error," says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we can't yet give a robot enough 'common sense' to reliably interact with a dynamic world."

Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.

What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain'sroughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can't approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don't know quite how we do it.

1. Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in( ).

A. the use of machines to produce science fiction.

B. the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry.

C. the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work.

D. the elite's cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work.

2. The word “gizmos" (line 1, paragraph 2) most probably means( ) .

A. programs

B. experts

C. devices.

D. creatures

3. According to the text, what is beyond man's ability now is to design a robot that can ( ).

A. fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery.

B. interact with human beings verbally.

C. have a little common sense.

D. respond independently to a changing world.

4. Besides reducing human labor, robots can also( ).

A. make a few decisions for themselves.

B. deal with some errors with human intervention.

C. improve factory environments.

D. cultivate human creativity.

5. The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are( ) .

A. expected to copy human brain in internal structure.

B. able to perceive abnormalities immediately.

C. far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information.

D. best used in a controlled environment.

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1. 【答案】C。文章的第一句为本题提供了线索。原文中的devised换成了正确选项中的invention，work that is dangerous， boring， burdensome， or just plain nasty=difficult and dangerous work。D. 项是强干扰项，elite是"精英"的意思，文章没有提及精英人士如何使用聪明的手段来做危险无聊的工作。其他二项A. 、B. 都是对文章内容错误的表达。

2. 【答案】C。文章第二段指出那种智能型gizmo的出现极大地减少了人类劳动，第二段又给出了具体的事例来说明这种gizmo的作用。可见这种gizmo不是人(老师)，也不是动物(creatures)，也不是程序(programs)，而是机器人，但机器人也属于"器械工具"的类别，即devices。

3. 【答案】D。首先要读懂题目。该题问的是：现在超出人类能力范围之内的工作是要设计一个机器人，它能……"。文章第三段最后一句是本题解题的关键。本句指出"我们现在不能让机器人具有足够的"常识"，从而使它们与变化的世界发生可靠的互动"。原句中reliably internet with a dynamic world换成了正确选项中的respond independently to a changing world.文章第二段指出有些机器人能够执行如脑部形科手术这样的细微任务，所以A. 项错误，B. 项"和人类进行语言互动"在文章中没有提及，C. 项中的a little错误。

4. 【答案】B。文章第三段第二句为本题提供了线索。机器人能够处理某个特定错误是我们告诉它们该如何做的，也就是human interventin(人类干预)的结果。A. 项是一个强干扰项，但第三段第一句的时态是将来时，表示一种没有实现的活动或设想，此句表明机器人还不能够自己做出决定，所以该项也是错误的。C. 、D. 两项是对文章内容错误的表述。

5. 【答案】C。文章最后一段的倒数第二句用了猴子的例子。使用该例是要说明"the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant(人脑能够扫视一个快速变化的场景，还能迅速忽略那些占总量98%的不相关的内容)换句话就是说机器人还没有这样的能力，因此把上述意思换成否定就是C. 项，就专注于相关信息而言，机器人比人脑差远了。

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