2020年MBA考试考前英语外刊阅读（十二）

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lack of resources as the main obstacles to innovation. This common wisdom suggests eradicating all constraints: by getting rid of rules and boundaries, creativity, and innovative thinking will thrive. Our research, however, challenges this wisdom and suggests that managers can innovate better by embracing constraints.

We reviewed 145 empirical studies on the effects of constraints on creativity and innovation, and found that individuals, teams, and organizations alike benefit from a healthy dose of constraints. It is only when the constraints become too high that they stifle creativity and innovation.

According to the studies we reviewed, when there are no constraints on the creative process, complacency sets in, and people follow what psychologists call the path-of-least-resistance – they go for the most intuitive idea that comes to mind rather than investing in the development of better ideas. Constraints, in contrast, provide focus and a creative challenge that motivates people to search for and connect information from different sources to generate novel ideas for new products, services, or business processes.

文本选自：Harvard Business Review(哈佛商业评论)

作者：Oguz A. Acar Murat Tarakciand Daan van Knippenberg

原文标题：Why Constraints Are Good for Innovation

参考翻译

最近的调查表明，管理者们倾向于将合规性限制和缺乏资源视为创新的主要障碍。这种普遍存在的真理建议：根除所有限制：通过摆脱掉规则和界限，创造力和创新思维将带来蓬勃发展。然而，我们的研究挑战了这种智慧，并建议经理人们可以通过接受约束来更好地进行创新。

我们回顾了145个关于约束对创造力和创新影响的实证研究，发现个人，团队和组织都受益于适当剂量的健康约束。只有当约束变得太紧时，它们才会扼杀创造力和创新。

根据我们参与过的研究表明，当创作过程没有任何限制的时候，人就会会沾沾自喜，人们就会遵循心理学家所说的“最省力”原则 –他们会选择想到最凭直觉的想法，而不是投入更多精力去发展更好的想法。相反，约束提供了焦点和创造性的挑战，促使人们会去搜索并连接来自不同来源的信息，从而为新产品，服务或业务流程创造出新颖的想法。

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