2019年翻译资格考试一级口译练习（8）

英译中

After nearly a year of emotional arguments in Congress but no new federal laws, the national debate over the future of human cloning has shifted to the states. Six states have already banned cloning in one form or another, and this year alone 38 anticloning measures were introduced in 22 states.

The resulting patchwork of laws, people on all sides of the issue say, complicates a nationwide picture already clouded by scientific and ethical questions over whether and how to restrict cloning or to ban it altogether.

Since 1997, when scientists announced the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first cloned mammal, the specter of cloned babies, infants that are in essence genetic carbon copies of adults, has loomed large in the public psyche and in the minds of lawmakers.

Today, there is widespread agreement that cloning for reproduction is unsafe and should be banned. Now, the debate has shifted away from the ethics of baby-making and toward the morality of cloning embryos for their cells and tissues, which might be used to treat diseases. The controversy pits religious conservatives and abortion opponents, who regard embryos as nascent human life, against patients groups, scientists and the biotechnology industry.

【参考译文】

关于克隆人，国会经过近一年的激烈争论，却没有制定出新的联邦法律，这种争论现在已经转移到各州。6个州已经以各种形式禁止克隆人，而仅是今年就有22个州出台了38项反对克隆人的举措。对于克隆是加以限制，还是完全禁止，又该如何进行，科学和伦理上已经出现了一些问题，各方人士都认为出台的一系列法案使这个令全国上下惶惶不安的问题变得更为复杂。1997年科学家宣布第一个克隆的哺乳动物多利羊诞生，自此以后，可能出现的克隆婴儿，即从根本上说是成人基因的翻版的婴儿，在立法者和公众心理上造成极大的阴影。今天人们普遍认为利用克隆繁衍后代存在危险，应当予以禁止。这场争论最初是关于制造婴儿是否有悖伦理，现在已经转向克隆胚胎来利用其细胞和组织治疗疾病是否道德。宗教保守主义者和反对堕胎者认为胚胎是早期的生命形式，在这场争论中，他们与病人、科学家和生物科技行业各执一词，针锋相对。

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