2014年职称英语考试理工类B级阅读理解1

　　Water

　　The second most important constituent (构成成份) of the biosphere (生物圈) is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures, since water freezes at 0℃ and boils at 100℃. Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of a planet which had temperatures somewhere within this narrow range.

　　The earth's supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity. The total quantity of water is not known very accurately, but it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of about two and three-quarter kilometers. Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans - about 97 per cent. The rest

　　is fresh, but three-quarters of this is in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountains, and cannot be used by living systems until melted. Of the remaining fractional which is somewhat less than one per cent of the whole, there is 10-20 times as much stored underground water as there is actually on the surface. There is also a tiny, but extremely important fraction of the water supply which is present as water vapor in the atmosphere.

　　Water vapor in the atmosphere is the channel through which the whole water

　　circulation (循环) of the biosphere has to pass. Water evaporated (蒸发) from the surface of the oceans, from lakes and rivers and from moist (潮湿的) earth is added to it. From it the water comes out again as rain or snow, falling on either the sea or the land. There is, as might be expected, a more intensive evaporation per unit area over the sea and oceans than over the land, but there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans, and the balance is restored by the runoff from the land in the form of rivers.

　　31　Liquid water only exists

　　A　in the center of the earth.、B　on the surface of our planet.

　　C　in the coastal areas of the earth.、D　in a very narrow range of temperatures.

　　32　The total quantity of water on Earth

　　A　has greatly increased in recent years.、B　remains almost unchanged.

　　C　is decreasing constantly.、D　is affected by global warming.

　　33　Most of the fresh water on Earth

　　A　is in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountains

　　B　is stored underground.、C　is found in rivers and lakes.

　　D　comes from the rain.

　　34　The word "fraction" in the second paragraph means

　　A　a large area.、B　a very small amount.、C　an important system.

　　D　a major source of information

　　35　There is more of rainfall

　　A　over the mountains than over the rivers.、B　over the rivers than over the mountains、C　over the land than over the oceans.、D　over the oceans than over the land.

　　参考答案：

　　31 C　　32 A　　33 B　　34 A　　35 D