2014年职称英语综合类考点语法:否定句型讲解10

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　　not ... because ...

　　结构┱not ... because ...

　　说明┱此句型意为“并非因为…而…”。使用本时，because 之前不可有逗点，否则意思完全不同;有时得从 because 的逻辑来判断意思。

　　You must not despise a man because he is poor. 你不可因一个人贫穷而轻视他。

　　I do not love him because he is rich. (I love him not because he is rich.)

　　我不是因为他有钱才爱他的。

　　I do not respect him because he is playful. 我不尊敬他，因为他贪玩。

　　I do not respect him because he is knowledgeable. 我并非因为他有学问而尊敬他。

　　not that ... but that ...

　　结构┱(It is) not that ... but that ...

　　说明┱此句型意为“并非…而是…”。It is 通常予以省略。

　　Not that I dislike the task, but that I am not equal to it.

　　并非我不喜欢这工作，而是我无法胜任。

　　Believe it or not, not that I don’t love Mary, but that I love my country (all the) more.

　　信不信由你，并非我不爱玛丽，而是我更爱我的国家。

　　Not that I hate the work. I’m not strong enough for it.

　　并非我讨厌这份工作，而是我不够强壮，无法胜任。

　　so that ... may ...

　　结构┱so that/in order that ... may ...

　　说明┱此句型意为“以便…”。此为表示目的的 so that，in order that 所引导的 。so that 总是置于之后，而 in order that 置于前后均可，且较为强调。通常使用 may，也使用 can(could)，shall(should)，will(would)等。若与相同时，可变成，即“so as to+原形”或“in order to+原形”。

　　Read the questions carefully so that you may not make a mistake in the test.

　　考试时要仔细看清楚题目，以免犯错。

　　We turned on the light so that we might see (=so as to see) what it was.

　　我们把灯打开，以便看看它是什么。

　　I study hard, so that I may not fail in the examinations. 我用功，免得考不及格。

　　My father works hard in order that he may support us. 我父亲辛苦地工作为了养家。

　　I’ve decided to learn photography in order that I may better appreciate the beauty of nature.

　　我决定学摄影以便更能欣赏自然的美。

　　I came in order that I might/could see May. (=I came in order to see May.)

　　我来是因为能见到梅。

　　We must find out the customs of other countries, so that they will not think us ill mannered.

　　我们必须知道别的国家的习俗，免得他们会认为我们是没有礼貌的。

　　lest ... (should) ...

　　结构┱lest ... (should) ...

　　说明┱此句型意为“以免…”。等于“for fear (that) ... should”。lest 为，引导，在该中，只能用 should，但 should 可省略，直接接原形。

　　I got up early lest I (should) miss the train. 我早起以免错过了火车。

　　We talked in a low voice lest we should wake the baby up. 我们小声说话以免吵醒婴儿。

　　Hide it lest he (should) see it. 把它藏起来免得他看见。

　　He took a flashlight lest it should get dark before he returned.

　　为了预防回来以前天就黑了，所以他带着手电筒。

　　Be careful for fear (that) you should be misunderstood. 请小心点不要被误会了。

　　... in case ... should ...

　　结构┱... in case ... should ...

　　说明┱此句型意为“…唯恐…;以防万一…”。in case 是“唯恐(=lest);万一(=if)”之意，做，引导，与 should 并用，以修饰。in case 置于句首，也可当 if 使用。

　　I stopped suddenly in case he should think that I was showing off.

　　我突然停住，唯恐他会认为我是在炫耀。

　　They watched him closely in case he should escape. 他们严密监视他，惟恐他会逃脱。

　　In case (=If) I forget, please remind me. 万一我忘记，请提醒我。

　　Write the telephone number down in case you forget. 把电话号码写下来以免忘了。

　　... so ... that ...

　　结构┱…so+形容词/副词+that…

　　说明┱此句型意为“如此…以致…”。此为表示因果关系的，引导。so 后也可接单数，即“so++a++that…”。so 所引导的词类置于句首时，要采用倒装句构，如例句5和6。该句型与“too ... to ...”句型可以互相改写，如例句1所示。

　　Kevin is so sick that he can’t come to class. (=Kevin is too sick to come to class.)

　　克文病得严重以致无法来上课。

　　The dog is so gentle that I am not afraid of it. 这只狗如此温驯，因此我不感到害怕。

　　She studied so hard that she passed the exam. 她这么用功，所以通过了考试。

　　He is so good a boy that we like him. 他是个这么好的男孩，所以我们都喜欢他。

　　So nice is he that I like him. 他是这么好，因此我喜欢他。

　　So exciting was the game that I forgot all about the coming finals.

　　比赛是如此令人兴奋，以致我把即将来临的期末考忘得一乾二净。

　　so many/few ... that ...

　　结构┱so many/few+复数名词+that…

　　说明┱此句型意为“如此多/少的…以致…”。若是不可数名词，则用“so much/little+不可数名词+that…”。此为表示因果关系的，引导。so 可修饰表数量的 many，much，few，little。so 所引导的词类置于句首时，要采用倒装句构。

　　I have so much work to do that I can’t go out with you.

　　我有这么多工作要做，因此不能和你出去。

　　So many languages can he speak that he should have no problem traveling around the world.

　　他会说这么多种语言，因此环游世界毫无问题。

　　There is so little time left that I don’t think I can finish it as scheduled.

　　剩下这么少的时间，我想我不能按时完成。

　　He has so few friends that his life is lonely. 他的朋友很少，因此他的生活非常孤单。