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成人英语三级辅导:情态动词综合用法(2)

|0·2009-10-19 23:27:29浏览0 收藏0

  4) might也常用于表示目的等状语从句中,或用于虚拟语气的结构中:

  I could not convince him , try as I might .我无论用什么样的办法也不能说服他。

  They left off earlier on that day so that they might catch the first train .

  那天,他们为了赶上头班车动身早一些。

  He died so that the others might live .

  为了其他的人能活下去,他自己牺牲了。

  If you had made better use of your time , you might have learned more .假若你将自己的时间利用得更好一些,你本可以学到更多东西的。

  One error in calculation might ruin the whole project .

  计算中出一点错就可能毁掉整个工程。

  注意:在回答以may引导的问句时,一般说来避免使用may,以免显得太严厉、或不太客气,而改用其他方式。例如:

  ――May I come in ? ――Yes , please .请进。

  我可以进来吗? ――Sure . / Certainly . .请进。

  ――Please don't . .请不要进来。

  ――No , you mustn't .不行。

  must 应该,必须,一定

  1) 表示出于职责、义务该做某事

  We must protect people's rights .我们应该保护人民的利益。

  Everyone must be loyal to his motherland .

  每个人都应该忠于自己的祖国。

  You must serve the people when you grow up .

  你们长大成人时应该服务于人民。

  Students must work hard at their study .

  学生应该努力学习。

  2)表示出于主观意识而必须要做某事

  We must speed up the pace of our economic reform .

  我们必须加速经济改革的步伐。:来源:www.yingyusanji.com

  We must keep steps to the scientific development .

  我们一定要与科学的发展保持一致步调。

  You must hurry up or you'll be late .

  你必须得快点儿,不然会迟到的。

  在这种用法中must表示出于主观意识而必须要做某事;have to却表示由于某种客观原因而不得不做某事。除此以外,have to自身有时态的变化形式。如:

  I have to go now for I've got a meeting 15 minutes later.我现在必须要走了,因为我15分钟后有个会要开。

  He has to be back home by five to fetch his son from kindergarten .

  他必须在五点钟前回家去幼儿园接他的儿子。

  Jenny had to tidy up the room before her mother came back .

  珍尼不得不在她妈妈回家以前将房间整理好。

  We'll have to reconsider the whole thing .

  我们将不得不重新考虑整个事情。

  注意:在这种用法中,回答以must引导的问句时,若是否定答复,不可以用mustn't 而需要用needn't 或是don't have to,因为mustn't意思是"绝不能、一定不要",而没有"不必"的意思。例如:

  ――Must we hand in our exercises today ? 我们今天必须交作业吗?

  ――Yes , you must .是的,必须交。

  ――No , you needn't (or , you don't have to ).

  不,不必今天交。

  3)表示禁止(用于否定句)

  You must not speak ill of others .

  你一定不要说别人的坏话。

  Cars must not parked here . 这里禁止停车。

  Smoking must not allowed in the office .严禁在办公室吸烟。

  You mustn't talk to girls like that .你绝不能那样对女孩子说话。

  4)表示猜测、推测must常用于肯定句中表示猜测。对现在或未来的事进行猜测时,后接动词原形;对已经发生的事进行猜测时,后接have 过去分词。例如:

  You must be tired after working so long .你工作这么久以后,肯定累了吧。

  It must be that naughty boy crying outside .肯定是那个调皮的孩子在外面大叫。

  The idea must be accepted by the society sooner or later.

  这种想法肯定或迟或早会被社会所接受的。

  It must have rained last night for it is so wet outside .

  外面这么湿,昨晚肯定下雨了。

  I didn't see you in class yesterday. You must have been

  absent .我昨天上课没见着你,你肯定没有来。

  Ought (后接带to的不定式构成谓语动词)应该

  1)表示出于职责、义务该做某事

  You ought not to be so careless in your work .你不应该在工作上如此粗心大意。

  We ought to study hard for the sake of our motherland.

  我们应该为了我们的祖国而努力学习。

  His doctor said to him that he oughtn't to smoke so much .

  他的大夫说他不应该抽这么多烟。

  Oughtn't you to give us a chance to try ?

  你难道不应该给我们一个尝试的机会吗?

  2) 表示极有可能发生某事

  As an auto repairman , Dick ought to know what is wrong with the car .

  狄克作为一个汽车修理工总该知道这部车的毛病所在吧。

  If we set off right now , we ought to be able to get there in time .

  如果我们马上出发,我们应当能够按时到达那里。

  Tomorrow ought to be a nice day for we have such a fine sunset today .

  今天有这么好的晚霞,明天准是个晴天。

  need(用于否定句和疑问句)需要

  There are still one and a half hours to go , we needn't be insuch a hurry .

  还有一个半小时,我们无需如此慌慌张张。

  I hardly need say how much we missed you .不用说我们是多么想念你啊。

  Need you go so soon ?你需要这么早就去吗?

  You need have no anxiety on my account .你不必为我而着急。

  dare , dared(用于否定句、疑问句和疑问句)敢

  Dare you stay here alone in the night ? 你敢在夜里呆在这儿吗?

  Nobody dared mention that matter. 没有人敢提那件事。

  How dared you say that to her ? 你怎么敢对她说那件事?

  Even if you dare do it , I won't allow you to because it's too dangerous .

  即使你敢做,我也会让你做那件事,因为太危险了

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