Passage 1
In a traditional classroom,much， if not most, of class timeis spent with the teacher present ing content-telling, showing,s explaining andlecturing. Whetherit' s a first-grade teacher reading to students, a highschool government teacher lecturing on the Articles of Confederation, or a mathteacher demonstrating how to soIve an equation,class time is when the teacher deliversinformation and the students receive it
Ideally, lessons invoIvea mixture of delivery and discussion, supplemented by activities that engagestudents to support their comprehension. But in reality, just getting thecontent across can take most of the class period, especially when lessons areinterrupted by student questions, discipline problems，and distractions like fire drills， assemblies，and other disruptions.
There are lots of goodreasons for this model and its durability in education. It is an efficient wayto assure that all students have access to the same course content, and it providesa way for teachers to transmit their expertise in a subject，and enthusiasm for it, to their students.Most teachers love being the“ sage on the stage” andmany are very good at it.
Nevertheless, manyteachers also feel frustrated by the limitations of this model, especially whenlecture and presentation take up the lion’s share of the class period, leavinglittle time for the good stuff of teaching- getting into students’, helpingthem make meaning out of information，drawing out their evolving understanding, encouraging and
sparkIingtheir excitement and comprehension. In today’s environment of high-stakes testing，withmultiple standards-and now with the Common Core, new standards-there never seemsto be enough time for
allthe things teachers wish they could do with their students: project-basedactivities，individual orgroup learning challenges, deep discussions and inquiry activities.
So it' s not surprisingthat，when teachers are asked whatthey believe is the greatest value of flipping instruction, the answer isalmost always,“ It gives me more ime to work directly with students during Class.Teachers
at Michigan’sClintondale High School claim that, since they have fIipped their classrooms,the amount of time they spend with students has increased by a factor of four.That is substantial gain-and it makes a real difference in students believingthat the teacher is there for them when help is needed.
21. According to the passage， what differentiates a flipped classroom from a traditional one?
The amount of time that teachers spend with individual students.
The amount of knowledge that teachers impart to students.
The content of the teaching materials used by teachers.
The variety of activities organized by teachers.
本题考查细节理解题。通读第一段可知，传统课堂与新型课堂最大的区别在于教师花费在每个学生身上的时间变了。传统课堂中教师主要关注知识传授，因此没有时间与学生互动、讨论等;而新型课堂正好可以弥补这个缺陷。故本题选A。
22. According to the passage，which of the" following features typically characterizes a traditional classroom?
Inquiry
Delivery
Exemplification
Discussion
本题考查细节理解题。从文章第一二段 可以看出，传统课堂的教学模式主要为教师传送知识，而学生被动接受知识。故本题选B。
23. Which of the fol lowing best explains the underlined expression “sage on the stage?” in Paragraph 3?
Demanding
Liberal
lmaginative
Authoritative
本题考查词义猜测题。Sageon the stage意为“讲台上的圣人”，即权威。结合划线部分前一-句中的“expertise”即可推断出。故本题选D。
24 According to Paragraph 4，what should have been incorporated in traditional classrooms?
Preparing students for high-stakes tests.
Deve loping students' analytical thinking skills.
Assisting students to attain the Common Core standards.
Enhancing students’ ability to cope with learning pressures.
本题考查推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In today'senvironment of high-stakes testing，with muItiplestandards-and now with the Common Core, new standards- there never seems to beenough time for all the things teachers wish they could do. with theirstudents: project-based activities, individual' or group learning challenges，deep discussions and inquiry activities”可知，在当今高风险的考试环境中，有多种标准——现在有了共同核心，新标准——似乎从来没有足够的时间来做教师希望与学生一起做的所有事情:基于项目的活动，个人或小组的学习挑战，深入的讨论和探究活动”。由此推知，作者认为，应该在传统课堂中培养学生的批判分析能力。故本题选C。
25. Which of the following reflects the author’s view on a fIipped classroom?
Radical
Opposed
Supportive
Paradoxical
本题考查观点态度题。从文章最后一段可以看出，新型课堂让老师有大量时间与学生直接互动，一对一帮助学生等，可见让教师和学生都受益匪浅，作者及其支持。故本题选C。