短信预约提醒成功
PEST模型
|
政治 |
税收政策, 政局稳定性，对外贸易的法律法规 |
|
经济 |
经济环境包括利率，通货膨胀，失业，可支配收入。 |
|
社会 |
社会和文化环境包括人口状况，社会流动性，收入分配，生活方式的变化，工作和休闲的态度，教育和消费水平。 |
|
技术 |
技术环境要受到下列因素的影响：政府在研究，新发现和开发方面的支出，政府及行业对技术力量的关注，技术转移的速度和技术过时的速度。 |
|
环境 |
环境因素考虑组织如何以最小的环境破坏来生产产品和提供劳务。 |
|
法律 |
法律环境包括税收，劳动法，垄断方面的立法以及环境保护法律方面的影响。 |
The PESTEL model
The PESTEL model looks at the macro environment, using the following headings:
|
Political |
The political environment includes taxation policy, government stability and foreign trade regulations. |
|
Economic |
The economic environment includes interest rates, inflation, unemployment, disposable income. |
|
Social |
The social/culture environment includes population demographics, social mobility, income distribution, lifestyle changes, attitudes to work and leisure, and levels of education. |
|
Technological |
The technological environment is influenced by government spending on research, new discoveries and development, government and industry focus of technological effort, speed of technological transfer and rates of obsolescence. |
|
Ecological |
The ecological environment, sometimes just referred to as ‘the environment’, considers ways in which the organization can produce its goods and services with the minimum environmental damage. |
|
Legal |
The legal environment covers influences such as taxation law, employment law, monopoly legislation and environmental protection laws. |
2013年注册会计师考试招生简章 2012年注册会计师考试真题及答案汇总
